KIRCHHOFF VOLTAGE LAW (implementation on bread board)

Table of Contents

TO VERIFY THE KIRCHHOFF VOLTAGE LAW... 2

EXPERIMENTAL PROOF. 2

CIRCUIT ON BREAD BOARD.. 2

THEORY.. 2

PROCEDURE. 3

CALCULATIONS. 3

CONCLUSION.. 3

THE KIRCHHOFF VOLTAGE LAW

INTRODUCTION

Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) The sum of all the voltages around a loop

is equal to zero. This law is also called

Kirchhoff's second law, Kirchhoff's loop (or mesh) rule, and Kirchhoff's second rule.

EXPERIMENTAL PROOF

 CIRCUIT ON BREAD BOARD

THEORY

BREAD BORD:

A breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. Because the solderless breadboard does not require soldering, it is reusable. This makes it easy to use for creating temporary prototypes and experimenting with circuit design.

Figure 1

PROCEDURE

        i.            Connect all the resistors in series with each other on Breadboard.

      ii.            Now connect the power supply (Digital Multimeter) to the breadboard i.e. make sure that your connection is proper, the positive terminal is connected to the positive end.

    iii.            Supply the power to the circuit through multimeter and note the source voltage value. iv. Now calculate the voltage across each resistor separately, prove the KVL and find the error.

CALCULATIONS

S no	Vs	R1	R2	R3	V1	V2	V3	Vs=V1+ V2+ V3	Error
1	5v	2.2k Ω	2.2k Ω	2.2k Ω	1.74v	1.73v	1.73v	5.20v	0.20
2	15v	2.2k Ω	2.2k Ω	2.2k Ω	5.06v	5.04v	5.07v	15.17v	0.17
3	5v	2.2k Ω	5.4k Ω	1.21k Ω	1.3v	3.20v	0.72v	5.22v	0.72
4	15v	2.2k Ω	5.4k Ω	1.21k Ω	3.79v	9.33v	2.09v	15.21v	0.21
5	-15v	2.2k Ω	5.4k Ω	1.21k Ω	-3.77v	-9.27v	-2.07v	-15.11v	-0.11
6	-15v	3.3k Ω	3.3k Ω	3.3k Ω	-4.89v	-5.24v	-4.98v	-15.11v	-0.11

CONCLUSION

We proved the Kirchhoff`s voltage law, we found some error while performing manually, the experiment but in ideal condition, like in PSpice we would found the accurate result.